财政部


关于国营企业兴办集体企业若干财务问题的规定


1986年5月2日，财政部

为了促使国营企业兴办的集体所有制的企业健康发展，现就有关财务问题作如下规定。
一、国营企业兴办的集体企业是社会主义的经济实体。在国营企业和集体企业之间必须坚持区别两种不同的所有制，实行自主经营、独立核算、照章纳税、自负盈亏的原则。
禁止以任何手段将国营企业或者国营企业的一部分下属单位转为集体所有，挖走国家财产和财政收入。
二、国营企业在兴办集体企业的初期，对集体企业的资金、设备、场地等方面给予的支持，必须坚持等价交换和有偿使用的原则。
1．国营企业多余闲置的固定资产转给集体企业使用的，应当合理作价，由集体企业一次或分期付清货款。也可以采取出租的形式，收取不低于固定资产折旧的租金。国营企业向集体企业收取的价款和租金，作为企业更新改造资金的一项来源。
2．国营企业借给集体企业使用的周转资金，由集体企业在税后利润中分期归还。归还期最长不超过两年。逾期要收取不低于银行贷款利息的占用费。
三、国营企业用税后留利或其他归企业自行支配的资金对集体企业投资的，应当按协议规定分配利润，并按联营企业的财务处理方法，纳入企业决算。
四、国营企业兴办的集体企业，都应当依照税法规定纳税。
五、国营企业兴办的集体企业的税后利润，首先应归还国营企业的垫款。下余部分，按规定用于发展生产、适当改善职工生活并建立公积金。具体的使用比例由各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府根据实际情况决定。
六、国营企业兴办的集体企业必须服从国家的价格管理，经销原属国营企业经销的产品，其价格必须按照国家有关规定执行。
七、国营企业与集体企业发生的各种经济往来，必须坚持等价变换的原则，如实计价核算。
1．国营企业交集体企业经销的产品，必须是符合国家规定和集体企业经营范围的，不得将重要生产资料的供应业务和紧缺的耐用消费品的批发业务，划归集体企业经营。更不得将高利产品交给集体企业经营，将亏损或微利产品留给国营企业经营。国营集体企业经营国营企业的产品，只能按规定留给合理的购销差价，企业不得故意压低拨交价格或等级转移国家利润；集体企业必须按规定的价格经营，不得擅自提高销售价格，损害群众利益。
2．集体企业使用国营企业的原材料、低值易耗品和其他物品，一律按质论价，支付价款。
3．国营企业派往集体企业参加生产经营活动的人员，在集体企业工作期间的工资、奖金、保险、福利待遇执行原国营企业标准，还是执行集体企业标准，由双方协议规定。所需费用，可以由集体企业直接支付，或者由集体企业按协议向国营企业交纳劳务费后，由国营企业支付。
4．国营企业为集体企业提供的水、电和其他劳务，一律按规定收费。
5．国营企业与集体企业之间互相进行的委托加工业务，必须按规定计算加工费，不得擅自提高或压低。
6．国营企业同集体企业发生的一切经济往来收入，都应按正常的生产经营活动进行核算，不得隐瞒私分。
八、国营企业必须维护其兴办的集体企业的法人地位。不得以任何手段侵吞、损害其兴办的集体企业的经济利益。
九、国营企业兴办的集体企业必须按照国家有关规定，建立财务和会计制度，严格收支手续，遵守财经法纪，不得滥支乱用，请客送礼，挥霍浪费。
十、各级企业主管部门、财税机关要加强对国营企业兴办的集体企业的财务监督、检查，维护国家财产不受侵犯。
十一、国营企业兴办的集体企业在向工商管理机关进行工商登记前，必须具备经过财政部门、银行出具的资信证明。企业主管部门出具的资信证明，涉及国营企业的，应经同级财政部门签署。
十二、各级事业单位兴办的集体性质的企业以及其他城镇集体所有制企业，在财务管理上，也按本规定执行。


国家科委


国家高新技术产业开发区高新技术企业认定条件和办法(附英文)

1991年3月6日，国家科委

第一条 为实施国务院批准的国家高新技术产业开发区有关政策规定，推动我国高新技术产业的发展，制定本办法。
第二条 国家高新技术产业开发区（以下简称开发区）内的高新技术企业，按照本办法认定。
第三条 省、自治区、直辖市、计划单列市科学技术委员会（以下简称省、市科委）是省、自治区、直辖市、计划单列市人民政府管理开发区内高新技术企业认定工作的主管机构，负责监督本办法的实施。开发区办公室在人民政府领导和省、市科委指导监督下，具体办理高新技术企业的审批认定事宜。
第四条 根据世界科学技术发展现状，划定高新技术范围如下：
（一）微电子科学和电子信息技术；
（二）空间科学和航空航天技术；
（三）光电子科学和光机电一体化技术；
（四）生命科学和生物工程技术；
（五）材料科学和新材料技术；
（六）能源科学和新能源、高效节能技术；
（七）生态科学和环境保护技术；
（八）地球科学和海洋工程技术；
（九）基本物质科学和辐射技术；
（十）医药科学和生物医学工程；
（十一）其他在传统产业基础上应用的新工艺、新技术。
本高新技术范围将根据国内外高新技术的不断发展而进行补充和修订，由国家科委发布。
第五条 高新技术企业是知识密集、技术密集的经济实体。开发区内的高新技术企业，必须具备下列各项条件：
（一）从事本办法第四条规定范围内一种或多种技术及其产品的研究、开发、生产和经营业务。单纯的商业经营除外；
（二）实行独立核算、自主经营、自负盈亏；
（三）企业的负责人是熟悉本企业产品研究、开发、生产和经营的科技人员，并且是本企业的专职人员；
（四）具有大专以上学历的科技人员占企业职工总数的30％以上；从事高新技术产品研究、开发的科技人员应占企业职工总数的10％以上。
从事高新技术产品生产或服务的劳动密集型高新技术企业，具有大专以上学历的科技人员占企业职工总数的20％以上；
（五）有十万元以上资金，并有与其业务规模相适应的经营场所和设施；
（六）用于高新技术及其产品研究、开发的经费应占本企业每年总收入的3％以上；
（七）高新技术企业的总收入，一般由技术性收入、高新技术产品产值、一般技术产品产值和技术性相关贸易组成。高新技术企业的技术性收入与高新技术产品产值的总和应占本企业当年总收入的50％以上。
技术性收入是指由高新技术企业进行的技术咨询、技术转让、技术入股、技术服务、技术培训、技术工程设计和承包、技术出口、引进技术消化吸收以及中试产品的收入；
（八）有明确的企业章程和严格的技术、财务管理制度；
（九）企业的经营期在十年以上。
第六条 兴办高新技术企业，须向开发区办公室提出申请，经开发区办公室核定后，由省、市科委批准并发给《高新技术企业证书》。
第七条 开发区办公室应定期按本办法第五条规定的条件，对高新技术企业进行考核。不符合上述条件的高新技术企业，不得享受国家高新技术产业开发区的各项政策规定。
第八条 列为高新技术产品的期限一般为五年以内，技术周期较长的高新技术产品经批准可延长至七年。
第九条 高新技术企业变更经营范围、合并、分立、转业、迁移或歇业的，须经开发区办公室审批，并向工商、税务等部门办理相应的登记。
第十条 开发区内，按国家规定全部核减行政事业费实行经济自立的全民所有制科研单位，符合本办法第五条规定条件的，经开发区办公室核定，可转成高新技术企业。
第十一条 本办法替代原由国家科委颁布的《关于高技术、新技术企业认定条件和标准的暂行规定》。
第十二条 各省、市科委应就本办法制定实施细则。原有实施细则凡与本办法不符的，应依据本办法修正。
第十三条 本办法由国家科学技术委员会负责解释和修改。
第十四条 本办法自国务院批准之日起实施。

Conditions and Measures on the Designation of High and New Techno-logy Enterprises in National High and New Technology Industry DevelopmentZones

(Approved by the State Council on March 6, 1991 Promulgated by theState Science Commission in March, 1991)

Whole Doc.
Article 1
These Measures are formulated to implement the relevant policy and
provisions on the national high and new technology industry development
zone approved by the high and new technology industry in our country.
Article 2
High and new technology enterprises in national high and new
technology industry development zones (hereinafter referred to as the
Development Zones) shall be identified and designated according to these
Measures.
Article 3
Science and technology commission in each province, autonomous
region, municipality, planned separate city (hereinafter referred to as
science and technology commission at provincial and city level) shall be
the authority in charge of the identification and designation of high and
new technology enterprises in the Development Zones administered by the
people's government of each province, autonomous region, municipality
planned separate city, and shall be responsible for the implementation of
these Measures. The Development Zone Office shall, under the leadership of
the people's government and the leadership and supervision of the science
commission at provincial and city level, specifically handle the
examination and approval of the identification and designation of the high
and new technology enterprises.
Article 4
According to the current development of science and technology in the
world, high and new technology is divided into following categories:
(1) microelectronics and electronic information technology;
(2) space science and aerospace and aeronautical technology;
(3) optoelectronics and optical, mechanical and electronic integra-
tion technology;
(4) life science and biological engineering technology;
(5) material science and new materials technology;
(6) energy science and new energy, high efficient energy conservation
technology;
(7) ecology and environmental science;
(8) earache science and ocean engineering;
(9) basic matter science and radiation science;
(10) medical science and bio-medical engineering;
(11) other new process or new technology applicable in the tradi-
tional industries.
The categories of high and new technology shall be supplemented and
amended from time to time according to the constant development inside and
outside China, and shall be published by the State Science Commission.
Article 5
High and new technology enterprises shall be knowledge-intensive and
technology-intensive economic enterprises. High and new technology
enterprises within the Development Zones must meet the following
conditions:
(1) they are engaging in the research, development, production and
sale of one or more high technologies within the scope of Article 4 and
their products. However, pure commercial distribution of such technologies
and their products are excepted;
(2) they are practicing independent accounting, autonomous operation
and bearing their own profit and loss;
(3) the persons in charge of the enterprises with the research,
development, production and sale of the products in their enterprises, and
shall be the full time personnel of the enterprises;
(4) scientist and technical personnel with college and university
education shall account or more than 30% of all the staffs of the
enterprises; scientists and technical personnel engaged in the research
and development of high and new technology products shall account or more
than 10% of all the staffs of the enterprises.
For those labor-intensive high and new technology enterprises
engaging in the production or service of high and new technology products,
scientists and technical personnel with college and university education
shall account or more than 20% of all the staffs of the enterprises;
(5) they have more than RMB 100000 yuan as their own funds, as well
as appropriates places of business and facilities corresponding to their
respective scale of business activities;
(6) more than 3% of the gross revenue of the enterprises shall have
been allotted as expenses of the research and development of high and new
technology products;
(7) the gross revenues of the high and new technology enterprises
shall be composed of technology income, value of the high and new
technology products, value of the ordinary technological products and
technology-related trade. The aggregate of technological income and value
of the high and new technology products shall account of more than 50% of
the annual gross revenue of the enterprises.
Technological income shall mean income derived from technical
consultancy, technology transfer, technology contributed as equity
investment, technical services, technical training, technical engineering
design and contracts, technology export, adoption and acquisition of
imported technology and trial productions;
(8) they have specific articles of association and strict technical
and financial administration system;
(9) their terms of operation shall be more than 10 years.
Article 6
An application for the establishment of high and new technology shall
be submitted to the Development Zone Office, after the Development Zone
Office has examined and determined, the application shall be approved and
a "Certificate of High and New Technology Enterprise" shall be granted by
the science and technology commission at provincial and city level.
Article 7
The Development Zone Office shall examine and verify the high and new
technology enterprises according to the conditions set forth in Article 5
on a regular basis. Those high and new technology enterprises that do not
meet the above conditions shall not be entitled to the policies and
provisions of the national high and new technology industry development
zone.
Article 8
The duration of those classified as high and new technology products
shall be within 5 years, and duration of those high and new technology
products that have a longer technological cycle shall upon approval be
extended to 7 years.
Article 9
High and new technology enterprises that alter their scope of
business, merge with or separate from other entities, charge their
production line, redomicile or wind-up shall apply to the Development Zone
Office for examination and approval, and shall undertake corresponding
industrial and commercial and tax registration.
Article 10
Science research institutes with the ownership of the whole people in
the Development Zones whose administrative and operational expenses have
been reduced pursuant to the stipulations of the State, that practice
independent accounting and that meet the conditions set forth in Article 5
may, upon verification by the Development Zone Office, be converted into
high and new technology enterprises.
Article 11
These Measures shall replace Interim Provisions on the Conditions and
Standards for the Designation of High and New Technology Enterprises
promulgated by the State Science and Technology Commission.
Article 12
Science and technology commissions in each province and city shall
adopt implementing rules based on these Measures. The existing
implementing rules that do not conform to these Measures shall be amended
in accordance with these Measures.
Article 13
The State Science Commission shall be responsible for the
interpretation and amendment to these Measures.
Article 14
These Measures shall be implemented from the date of approval by the
State Council.