The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress


LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON THE PROCEDURE OF THECONCLUSION OF TREATIES

(Adopted at the 17th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the
Seventh National People's Congress on December 28, 1990, promulgated by
Order No. 37 of the President of the People's Republic of China on
December 28, 1990, and effective as of the same date)

Article 1
The present Law is enacted in accordance with the Constitution of the
People's Republic of China.
Article 2
This Law shall be applicable to bilateral or multilateral treaties and
agreements and other instruments of the nature of a treaty or agreement
concluded between the People's Republic of China and foreign states.
Article 3
The State Council, that is, the Central People's Government, of the
People's Republic of China shall conclude treaties and agreements with
foreign states.
The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of the People's
Republic of China shall decide on the ratification and abrogation of
treaties and important agreements concluded with foreign states.
The President of the People's Republic of China shall, in accordance with
decisions of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress,
ratify and abrogate treaties and important agreements concluded with
foreign states.
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China shall,
under the leadership of the State Council, administer the specific affairs
concerning the conclusion of treaties and agreements with foreign states.
Article 4
The People's Republic of China shall conclude treaties and agreements with
other states in the name of:
(1) the People's Republic of China;
(2) the Government of the People's Republic of China;
(3) the governmental departments of the People's Republic of China.
Article 5
The decision to negotiate and sign treaties and agreements shall be made
according to the following procedures:
(1) in the case of a treaty or agreement to be negotiated and signed in
the name of the People's Republic of China, the Ministry of Foreign
Affairs or the department concerned under the State Council in conjunction
with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall make a recommendation and draw
up a draft treaty or agreement of the Chinese side and submit it to the
State Council for examination and decision;
(2) in the case of a treaty or agreement to be negotiated and signed in
the name of the Government of the People's Republic of China, the Ministry
of Foreign Affairs or the department concerned under the State Council
shall make a recommendation and draw up a draft treaty or agreement of the
Chinese side and, after consultation with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs,
submit it to the State Council for examination and decision. In the case
of an agreement concerning a specific line of business, its Chinese draft
shall, with the consent of the State Council, be examined and decided upon
by the department concerned under the State Council or when necessary in
consultation with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs;
(3) agreements to be negotiated and signed in the name of a governmental
department of the People's Republic of China concerning matters within the
scope of functions and powers of the department concerned shall be decided
upon by the department itself or after consultation with the Ministry of
Foreign Affairs. In the case of an agreement relating to matters of major
importance or matters falling within the functions and powers of other
departments under the State Council, the department concerned shall submit
it by itself or after consultation with the other departments concerned
under the State Council, to the State Council for decision. The draft
agreement of the Chinese side shall be examined and decided upon by the
department concerned or when necessary in consultation with the Ministry
of Foreign Affairs.
When major modification in the Chinese draft of a treaty or agreement
already examined and decided upon by the State Council are necessary as a
result of negotiation, the revised draft shall be submitted to the State
Council for examination and decision.
Article 6
Representatives for negotiating and signing treaties or agreements shall
be appointed according to the following procedures:
(1) In the case of a treaty or agreement to be concluded in the name of
the People's Republic of China or the Government of the People's Republic
of China, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs or the department concerned
under the State Council shall submit a report to the State Council for the
appointment of a representative. The full powers of the representative
shall be signed by the Premier of the State Council, but may also be
signed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs.
(2) In the case of an agreement to be concluded in the name of a
governmental department of the People's Republic of China, a
representative shall be appointed by the head of the department concerned.
The letter of authorization for the representative shall be signed by the
head of the department. Where the head of a department signs an agreement
concluded in the name of the governmental department, and where the
contracting parties agree that it is necessary for the head of the
department to produce full powers, the full powers shall be signed by the
Premier of the State Council, but may also be signed by the Minister of
Foreign Affairs.
The following persons shall dispense with full powers for negotiating and
signing treaties and agreements:
(1) the Premier of the State Council, the Minister of Foreign Affairs;
(2) the head of a diplomatic mission of the People's Republic of China who
negotiates and signs treaties and agreements concluded between China and
the state to which he is accredited, unless it is otherwise agreed by the
contracting parties;
(3) the head of a governmental department of the People's Republic of
China who negotiates and signs the agreements concluded in the name of his
department, unless it is otherwise agreed by the contracting parties;
(4) the person, dispatched to an international conference or accredited to
an international organization by the People's Republic of China, who is at
the same time the representative for negotiating treaties or agreements in
that conference or organization, unless it is otherwise agreed by the
conference or otherwise provided for in the constitution of the
organization.
Article 7
The ratification of treaties and important agreements shall be decided
upon by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.
The treaties and important agreements referred to in the preceding
paragraph are as follows:
(1) treaties of friendship and cooperation, treaties of peace and similar
treaties of a political nature;
(2) treaties and agreements relating to territory and delimitation of
boundary lines;
(3) treaties and agreements relating to judicial assistance and
extradition;
(4) treaties and agreements which contain stipulations inconsistent with
the laws of the People's Republic of China;
(5) treaties and agreements which are subject to ratification as agreed by
the contracting parties; and
(6) other treaties and agreements subject to ratification.
After the signing of a treaty or an important agreement, the Ministry of
Foreign Affairs or the department concerned under the State Council in
conjunction with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall submit it to the
State Council for examination and verification; the State Council shall
then refer it to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
for decision on ratification; the President of the People's Republic of
China shall ratify it in accordance with the decision of the Standing
Committee of the National People's Congress.
After the ratification of a bilateral treaty or an important bilateral
agreement, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall execute the formalities
for the exchange of the instruments of ratification with the other
contracting party. After the ratification of a multilateral treaty or an
important multilateral agreement, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall
execute the formalities for the deposit of the instrument of ratification
with the depositary state or international organization. The instrument of
ratification shall be signed by the President of the People's Republic of
China and countersigned by the Minister of Foreign Affairs.
Article 8
After the signing of the agreements and other instruments of the nature of
a treaty which do not fall under paragraph 2, Article 7 of this Law and
which are subject to approval as prescribed by the State Council or as
agreed by the contracting parties, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs or the
departments concerned under the State Council in conjunction with the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall submit them to the State Council for
approval. After the approval of agreements and other instruments of the
nature of a treaty, in the case of a bilateral one, the Ministry of
Foreign Affairs shall execute the formalities for the exchange of the
instruments of approval with the other contracting party or for mutual
notification of the approval by diplomatic notes. In the case of a
multilateral one, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall execute the
formalities for the deposit of the instrument of approval with the
depositary state or international organization concerned. The instrument
of approval shall be signed by the Premier of the State Council, but may
also be signed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs.
Article 9
After the signing of the agreements which need no decision on ratification
by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress or approval by
the State Council, the agreements shall be submitted by the departments
concerned under the State Council to the State Council for the record,
except those agreements concluded in the name of the governmental
departments of the People's Republic of China which are to be submitted by
these departments to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs for registration.
Article 10
If the two contracting parties need to go through different domestic legal
procedures for the entry into force of the same treaty or agreement, the
said treaty or agreement shall enter into force after the accomplishment
by the two parties of their respective legal procedures and the mutual
notification by diplomatic notes.
After the signing of the treaties and agreements listed in the preceding
paragraph, the formalities of ratification, approval, entry on the record
or registration shall be executed as the case requires in accordance with
Articles 7, 8 or 9 of this Law. The formalities of notification by note
shall be completed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Article 11
The decision to accede to multilateral treaties or agreements shall be
made by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress or the
State Council as the case requires. The procedures for acceding to
multilateral treaties and agreements shall be as follows:
(1) to accede to a multilateral treaty or an important multilateral
agreement listed in Paragraph 2, Article 7 of this Law, the Ministry of
Foreign Affairs or the department concerned under the State Council in
conjunction with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall make a
recommendation after examination and submit it to the State Council for
examination and verification; the State Council shall then refer it to the
Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for decision on
accession. The instrument of accession shall be signed by the Minister of
Foreign Affairs, and the specific formalities executed by the Ministry of
Foreign Affairs;
(2) to accede to a multilateral treaty or agreement other than those
listed in Paragraph 2, Article 7 of this Law, the Ministry of Foreign
Affairs or the department concerned under the State Council in conjunction
with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall make a recommendation after
examination and submit it to the State Council for decision on accession.
The instrument of accession shall be signed by the Minister of Foreign
Affairs, and the specific formalities executed by the Ministry of Foreign
Affairs.
Article 12
The decision to accept a multilateral treaty or an agreement shall be made
by the State Council.
In the case of a multilateral treaty or agreement containing clauses of
acceptance which is signed by the Chinese representative or does not
require any signature, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs or the department
concerned under the State Council in conjunction with the Ministry of
Foreign Affairs shall make a recommendation after examination and submit
it to the State Council for decision on acceptance. The instrument of
acceptance shall be signed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs, and the
specific formalities executed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Article 13
A bilateral treaty or agreement concluded by the People's Republic of
China with a foreign state shall be done in the Chinese language and the
official language of the other contracting party, both texts being equally
authentic. When necessary, a text in the language of a third state agreed
upon by the two contracting parties may be executed in addition as a
third, equally authentic, official text or an unofficial text for
reference. It may be stipulated by agreement of the two contracting
parties that the third text shall prevail in case of divergence of
interpretation of the treaty or agreement.
For agreements on specific lines of business and treaties and agreements
concluded with international organizations, a single language fairly
commonly used internationally may also be used by agreement of the two
contracting parties or in accordance with the provisions of the
constitutions of the international organizations concerned.
Article 14
Signed originals of bilateral treaties and agreements concluded in the
name of the People's Republic of China or the Government of the People's
Republic of China and copies of multilateral treaties and agreements
certified as true by the depositary states or international organizations
concerned shall be deposited with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Signed
originals of bilateral agreements concluded in the name of the
governmental departments of the People's Republic of China shall be
deposited with these departments.
Article 15
A treaty or an important agreement of which the Standing Committee of the
National People's Congress has decided on ratification or accession shall
be published in the bulletin of the Standing Committee of the National
People's Congress. The measures for publishing other treaties and
agreements shall be made by the State Council.
Article 16
Treaties and agreements concluded by the People's Republic of China shall
be compiled by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs into a collection of the
Treaties of the People's Republic of China.
Article 17
Treaties and agreements concluded by the People's Republic of China shall
be registered with the Secretariat of the United Nations by the Ministry
of Foreign Affairs in accordance with the relevant provisions of the
United Nations Charter. Treaties and agreements concluded by the People's
Republic of China that require registration with other international
organizations shall be registered by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs or
the departments concerned under the State Council in accordance with the
respective constitutions of the international organizations.
Article 18
The procedures for the conclusion of a treaty or an agreement with an
international organization by the People's Republic of China shall follow
this Law and the constitution of the relevant international organization.
Article 19
The procedures for amendment to, abrogation of and withdrawal from
treaties and agreements concluded by the People's Republic of China shall
follow mutatis mutandis the procedures for the conclusion of the treaties
and agreements in question.
Article 20
The State Council may make regulations in accordance with this Law for its
implementation.
Article 21
This Law shall enter into force as of the date of promulgation.


Important Notice:
This English document is coming from "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.

河南省人大常委会


河南省气象条例
河南省人民代表大会常务委员会
河南省人民代表大会常务委员会公告第三十八号


（河南省第九届人民代表大会常务委员会第二十一次会议于2001年3月30日审议通过，自2001年7月1日起施行）

第一章 总则
第一条 根据《中华人民共和国气象法》和国家有关规定，结合我省实际，制定本条例。
第二条 在本省行政区域内从事气象探测、预报、服务和气象灾害防御、气候资源利用、气象科学技术研究等活动，应当遵守气象法律、行政法规和本条例。
第三条 县级以上人民政府应当加强对气象工作的领导和协调，把气象事业纳入当地国民经济和社会发展计划及财政预算，逐步建立健全防御和减轻气象灾害的服务体系，以保障气象事业充分发挥为社会公众、政府决策和经济发展服务的功能。
第四条 各级气象主管机构在上级气象主管机构和本级人民政府的领导下，负责本行政区域内的气象工作，承担气象工作的行政管理职能。

第二章 地方气象事业
第五条 县级以上人民政府应当根据需要发展地方气象事业。
各级气象主管机构在承担国家气象事业任务的同时，应当坚持地方气象事业与国家气象事业共同发展的原则，做好地方气象事业工作。
第六条 地方气象事业项目主要包括：
（一）为当地经济建设和防灾减灾服务的大气探测、气候监测、气象通信、气象卫星遥感、气象灾害预警、森林火险等级预测预报、天气预报制作与发布等项目；
（二）农业气象情报、农作物产量气象预测、农业气象灾害防御技术的推广应用，以及农村气象科技服务体系建设；
（三）人工影响天气、雷电灾害防御、气候资源开发利用和城市环境气象服务；
（四）气象科学研究、气象科学知识宣传教育及其他气象服务项目。
第七条 发展地方气象事业所需基本建设投资、事业经费、专项经费等，应当列入同级人民政府财政预算，并按照国家有关规定逐年增加投入。
第八条 县级以上人民政府应当关心和改善气象职工工作、生活条件，支持贫困地区、滞洪区、山区等艰苦地区气象台站的建设和运行。
县级以上人民政府对在气象工作中做出显著成绩的单位和个人，应当给予表彰和奖励。

第三章 气象设施与探测环境保护
第九条 各级气象主管机构应当加强气象设施的规划建设，并依法保护气象设施。
气象设施因不可抗力遭受破坏时，气象主管机构应及时报告当地人民政府，由当地人民政府采取紧急措施，组织力量修复，确保气象设施正常运行。
第十条 各级人民政府应当依法保护气象探测环境，支持气象主管机构依法制止各种危害气象探测环境的行为。任何组织和个人都有保护气象探测环境的义务。
第十一条 未经依法批准，任何组织或者个人不得迁移气象台站。确因国家建设和实施城市规划需要迁移气象台站的，由省辖市气象主管机构会同有关部门选定气象台站新址，报省以上气象主管机构批准后，方可迁址。其迁建费用由建设单位承担。
第十二条 县级以上人民政府应当按照国务院气象主管机构确定的气象探测环境保护标准，划定当地各类气象台站气象探测环境的具体保护范围，纳入城市和村镇规划，并竖桩立界，实行分类分级保护。
在气象探测环境保护范围内，新建、扩建、改建建设项目必须事先征得省气象主管机构同意，并采取相应措施后，方可建设。
气象台站现有探测环境不符合规定标准的，经省气象主管机构认定后，由当地人民政府负责改善或建设新的气象探测场地。

第四章 气象预报、警报与气象灾害防御
第十三条 公众气象预报和灾害性天气警报依法实行统一发布制度。除气象主管机构所属气象台站按照职责发布公众气象预报和灾害性天气警报外，其他任何组织或者个人不得向社会发布公众气象预报和灾害性天气警报。
第十四条 各级气象主管机构所属的气象台站应当根据需要，加强农业、城市环境、火险等级等专业气象的探测和预报，做好特殊需求的气象预报工作。
第十五条 各级广播、电视台站和当地人民政府指定的报纸应当安排专门的时间或者版面，每天播发或刊登公众气象预报或者灾害性天气警报。
第十六条 广播、电视、报纸、电信、计算机网络等媒体向社会传播气象信息，必须使用当地气象主管机构所属的气象台站直接提供的适时气象信息，注明发布台站的名称和时间，并不得改变气象信息内容。通过传播气象信息获得的收益，应当按照国家规定提取一部分支持气象事业发展。
第十七条 县级以上人民政府应当加强气象灾害监测、预警系统建设，组织有关部门编制气象灾害防御规划，制订防御方案，并根据气象主管机构提供的气象信息，组织和指挥有关单位和个人，按照防御方案，采取有效措施，避免或者减轻气象灾害。
第十八条 各级气象主管机构应当建立雨情、墒情和气象灾害监测网络，组织对重大灾害性天气的跨地区、跨部门的联合监测、预报工作，及时提出气象灾害防御措施，并对重大气象灾害做出评估，为本级人民政府组织防御气象灾害提供决策依据。
各级气象主管机构所属的气象台站应当加强对可能影响当地的暴雨、暴雪、干旱、雷电、寒潮、大风、大雾、沙尘暴、霜冻、冰雹等灾害性天气的监测和预报，并及时报告上级气象主管机构。
其他有关部门所属的气象台站及与灾害性天气监测、预报有关的单位，应当及时向当地气象主管机构提供监测、预报灾害性天气所需要的气象探测和有关的水情等监测信息。
第十九条 各级气象主管机构应当加强本行政区域内的雷电灾害防御工作的组织管理和雷电灾害预警系统的建设，提高雷电灾害预警和防雷减灾服务能力。
第二十条 高层建筑、电力设施、计算机设备和网络系统、易燃易爆物资仓储场所，以及其他需要防雷的建筑物、构筑物和设施，必须按照国家和本省有关防雷技术要求采取防雷措施。防雷装置实行定期检测制度。各级气象主管机构会同有关部门指导对可能遭受雷击的建筑物、构筑物和其他设施安装的雷电灾害防护装置的检测工作。
第二十一条 专门从事防雷装置设计、施工业务的单位，应当按照国务院气象主管机构的规定办理资质等级认定手续。
从事建筑物、构筑物防雷装置设计、施工的单位，应当持有建设行政主管部门颁发的建设工程设计、施工资质证书。
防雷装置的设计审核、施工监督、竣工验收，依照国家有关规定执行。
雷电灾害调查工作由各级气象主管机构负责。具体办法按国务院气象主管机构的规定执行。

第五章 人工影响天气
第二十二条 县级以上人民政府应当加强对人工影响天气工作的领导，根据实际情况有组织、有计划地开展人工影响天气工作，并保证所需经费。
第二十三条 各级气象主管机构在本级人民政府的领导和协调下，负责人工影响天气的日常管理工作。
省气象主管机构应当按照国家有关规定，编制全省人工影响天气工作规划和计划；制定管理规章制度；组织、管理全省人工影响天气重大工程建设、科学实验、技术开发及装备供应；组织指导技术培训；审定人工影响天气作业组织的资质条件；组织、实施全省人工影响天气作业。
市、县（市）气象主管机构应当按照职责分工，制订当地人工影响天气实施方案；执行人工影响天气的规范和标准；管理、组织人工影响天气作业。
第二十四条 各级气象台站应当做好人工影响天气作业所需的各项气象保障工作。
民航、公安等部门和有关军事机关应当在职责范围内积极配合气象主管机构，保障人工影响天气作业顺利实施。
对人工影响天气所需有关资料，农业、水利、林业等部门应当及时提供。
第二十五条 进行人工影响天气作业和实验，必须向当地空域管制部门履行申报手续，经批准后方可实施。
实施人工影响天气作业和实验，应当遵守操作规程，确保安全。

第六章 气象行业管理
第二十六条 各级气象主管机构负责气象行业管理，通过规划、指导、监督、协调、服务，促进气象事业发展。
第二十七条 凡在本行政区域内进行的气象业务服务活动，应当经本级气象主管机构批准后实施，执行国务院和省气象主管机构制定的统一的气象技术标准、技术规范和技术规程。进行气象探测所获得的原始资料必须在探测活动结束后九十日内移交当地气象主管机构，实施探测单位可使用该资料，但不得对外公布或转让。
各级气象主管机构应当按照气象资料共享、共用的原则，与其他从事气象工作的机构交换有关气象信息资料。
第二十八条 气象计量器具必须经法定气象计量检定机构依法检定。禁止使用未经检定、检定不合格或超过检定有效期的气象计量器具。
第二十九条 城镇建设规划、重点建设工程、重大经济开发项目凡涉及气候条件的，应当进行气候可行性论证。
建设项目大气环境影响评价使用的气象探测资料应当由当地气象主管机构审查或者提供。
第三十条 从事充气升空物进行气象活动的单位和个人，必须经当地气象主管机构确认技术资格。
从事升放无人驾驶自由气球、系留气球的单位和个人，应当执行国务院气象主管机构规定的技术规范，具体管理办法按国家有关规定执行。
第三十一条 各级气象主管机构应当监督气象台站在确保公益性气象服务的前提下，根据用户需求依法开展气象有偿服务。气象有偿服务的范围、项目、收费等具体管理办法，按照国务院有关规定执行。

第七章 法律责任
第三十二条 违反气象法律、行政法规和本条例的行为，气象法律、行政法规有处罚规定的，由有关气象主管机构或者法律、行政法规规定的部门依法予以处罚。
第三十三条 违反本条例有下列行为之一的，由气象主管机构责令限期改正；拒不改正的，按照下列规定给予处罚；给他人造成损失的，依法承担赔偿责任；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任：
（一）应当安装而未安装防雷装置的，强制安装，费用由责任单位承担；
（二）拒不接受对防雷装置依法进行的定期检测的，给予警告，可以并处一千元罚款；
（三）专门从事防雷装置设计、施工的单位未取得资质证书或者超出资质证书核定的范围从事防雷装置设计、施工的，没收违法所得，并处五千元以上一万元以下的罚款；
（四）违反本条例第三十条第一款规定的，给予警告，可以并处一千元以上三千元以下的罚款。
第三十四条 气象主管机构及其所属气象台站的工作人员有下列行为之一的，依法给予行政处分；致使国家利益和人民生命财产遭受重大损失，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任：
（一）由于玩忽职守，导致重大漏报、错报公众气象预报、灾害性天气警报以及丢失或者毁坏原始气象探测资料、伪造气象资料等事故的；
（二）依法应当办理的事项，不按照规定办理的；
（三）不依法履行职责，致使气象设施和探测环境遭受破坏的。

第八章 附则
第三十五条 本条例自2001年7月1日起施行。


2001年4月10日